Is it illegal for a student to stand up to a teacher?

What an incredibly vague question. Your description of the conduct you find so offensive is meaningless and I have no idea what you plan to do when you say you will "stand up to" the teacher. Nor do I know what state or country you are in, or whether you are an adult or a child or whether the school is public or private. It is a sad comment on your education if you actually expected a meaningful response.